# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: "2010-09-09"

Description: |
  Use this template as a sample of Reserving Capacity for your Auto Scaling Groups in AWS.
    It creates a new VPC with 3 public subnets across 3 Availability Zones in a Selected Region, with a Specified nr of ODCRs in each AZ.
    On top of this sits an Auto Scaling Group across all AZs, backed by the ODCRs via a Capacity Management Resource Group.
    Note that this template will only work in Regions that have at least 3 Availability Zones! (uksb-1tupbocl7)

Parameters:
  LatestAMIId:
    Description: AMI to use for spinning up EC2 instances. Defaulting to the latest Amazon Linux AMI from the parameter store
    Type: AWS::SSM::Parameter::Value<AWS::EC2::Image::Id>
    Default: /aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest/amzn2-ami-hvm-x86_64-gp2

  EC2InstanceType:
    Description: Instance typ to spin up. As this is for a demo purpose, we pick t2.micro as it is part of the Free Tier
    Type: String
    Default: t2.micro

  VPCCIDR:
    Description: CIDR block to use for the VPC. The only important thing here is that it is large enough to fit the subnets and Instances
    Type: String
    Default: 10.1.0.0/16

  SubnetACIDR:
    Description: CIDR block for the first subnet. Needs to be within the VPC CIDR range, not overlap with the other subnet CIDRs, and large enough to fit the Instances
    Type: String
    Default: 10.1.10.0/24

  SubnetBCIDR:
    Description: CIDR block for the second subnet. Needs to be within the VPC CIDR range, not overlap with the other subnet CIDRs, and large enough to fit the Instances
    Type: String
    Default: 10.1.20.0/24

  SubnetCCIDR:
    Description: CIDR block for the third subnet. Needs to be within the VPC CIDR range, not overlap with the other subnet CIDRs, and large enough to fit the Instances
    Type: String
    Default: 10.1.30.0/24

  NrOfCapacityreservationsPerAZ:
    Description: Nr of Capacity Reservations to make in each of the 3 Availability Zones
    Type: Number
    Default: 3
    MinValue: 1

  ASGMinSize:
    Description: Minimum Size of the ASG. Defaulted to 0 here for maximum flexibility
    Type: Number
    Default: 0
    MinValue: 0

  ASGMaxSize:
    Description: Max Size of the ASG. Defaulted to 12 here to accommodate the tests performed on it
    Type: Number
    Default: 12
    MinValue: 0

  ASGDesiredSize:
    Description: Actual Size of the ASG at time of creation. Defaulted to 6 so that we have 2 Instances in each AZ
    Type: Number
    Default: 6
    MinValue: 0

Resources:
  VPC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC
    Metadata:
      cfn_nag:
        rules_to_suppress:
          - id: W60
            reason: Flow logging would just complicate this scenario, and adds no value for this as a deminstration case for ODCRs
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: !Ref VPCCIDR
      EnableDnsSupport: true
      EnableDnsHostnames: true
      Tags:
        - Key: Name
          Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-VPC

  InternetGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway
    DependsOn: VPC

  AttachGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway

  PublicSubnetA:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref SubnetACIDR
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
        - 0
        - !GetAZs
          Ref: AWS::Region
      Tags:
        - Key: Name
          Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-Public-A

  PublicSubnetB:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref SubnetBCIDR
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
        - 1
        - !GetAZs
          Ref: AWS::Region
      Tags:
        - Key: Name
          Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-Public-B

  PublicSubnetC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref SubnetCCIDR
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
        - 2
        - !GetAZs
          Ref: AWS::Region
      Tags:
        - Key: Name
          Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-Public-C

  PublicRouteTable:
    Type: AWS::EC2::RouteTable
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      Tags:
        - Key: Name
          Value: Public

  PublicRoute1: # Public route table has direct routing to IGW:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Route
    DependsOn: AttachGateway
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      GatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway

  PublicSubnetARouteTableAssociation:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetA
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable

  PublicSubnetBRouteTableAssociation:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetB
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable

  PublicSubnetCRouteTableAssociation:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetC
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable

  # ODCRs and Resource Group for them
  CapacityReservationAvailabilityZoneA:
    Type: AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation
    Properties:
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
        - 0
        - !GetAZs
          Ref: AWS::Region
      EndDateType: unlimited
      InstanceCount: !Ref NrOfCapacityreservationsPerAZ
      InstanceMatchCriteria: targeted
      InstancePlatform: Linux/UNIX
      InstanceType: t2.micro

  CapacityReservationAvailabilityZoneB:
    Type: AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation
    Properties:
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
        - 1
        - !GetAZs
          Ref: AWS::Region
      EndDateType: unlimited
      InstanceCount: !Ref NrOfCapacityreservationsPerAZ
      InstanceMatchCriteria: targeted
      InstancePlatform: Linux/UNIX
      InstanceType: t2.micro

  CapacityReservationAvailabilityZoneC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation
    Properties:
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
        - 2
        - !GetAZs
          Ref: AWS::Region
      EndDateType: unlimited
      InstanceCount: !Ref NrOfCapacityreservationsPerAZ
      InstanceMatchCriteria: targeted
      InstancePlatform: Linux/UNIX
      InstanceType: t2.micro

  CapacityReservationResourceGroup:
    Type: AWS::ResourceGroups::Group
    Properties:
      Name: ASGCapacityReservationResourceGroup
      Description: Resource Group for letting the ASG utilize the ODCRs
      Configuration:
        - Type: AWS::EC2::CapacityReservationPool
          Parameters: []
        - Type: AWS::ResourceGroups::Generic
          Parameters:
            - Name: allowed-resource-types
              Values:
                - AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation
      Resources: #ARNs are created using String replacement, as there at the time of writing this template is no ARN property of a Capacity Reservation in CloudFormation
        - !Sub arn:${AWS::Partition}:ec2:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:capacity-reservation/${CapacityReservationAvailabilityZoneA}
        - !Sub arn:${AWS::Partition}:ec2:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:capacity-reservation/${CapacityReservationAvailabilityZoneB}
        - !Sub arn:${AWS::Partition}:ec2:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:capacity-reservation/${CapacityReservationAvailabilityZoneC}

  #Security and Auto Scaling Group
  InstanceSecurityGroup:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
    Metadata:
      cfn_nag:
        rules_to_suppress:
          - id: W40
            reason: We are intentionally allowing all outbound traffic, as this is an example for ODCRs. This should not be done for a production situation unless explicitly needed.
          - id: W5
            reason: Egress to the entire world is ok for this example. This should not be done for a production situation unless explicitly needed.
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Open nothing for Ingress
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      SecurityGroupIngress: []
      SecurityGroupEgress:
        - CidrIp: 127.0.0.1/32
          Description: Dummy rule to block all outbound traffic by only allowing access to self, as we do not need it for this example
          IpProtocol: "-1"

  CapacityBackedLaunchTemplate:
    Type: AWS::EC2::LaunchTemplate
    Properties:
      LaunchTemplateName: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-launch-template
      LaunchTemplateData:
        InstanceType: !Ref EC2InstanceType
        ImageId: !Ref LatestAMIId
        CapacityReservationSpecification:
          CapacityReservationTarget:
            CapacityReservationResourceGroupArn: !GetAtt CapacityReservationResourceGroup.Arn
        NetworkInterfaces:
          - DeviceIndex: 0
            AssociatePublicIpAddress: true
            Groups:
              - !Ref InstanceSecurityGroup
            DeleteOnTermination: true

  CapacityBackedASG:
    Type: AWS::AutoScaling::AutoScalingGroup
    Properties:
      VPCZoneIdentifier:
        - !Ref PublicSubnetA
        - !Ref PublicSubnetB
        - !Ref PublicSubnetC
      LaunchTemplate:
        LaunchTemplateId: !Ref CapacityBackedLaunchTemplate
        Version: !GetAtt CapacityBackedLaunchTemplate.LatestVersionNumber
      MaxSize: !Ref ASGMaxSize
      MinSize: !Ref ASGMinSize
      DesiredCapacity: !Ref ASGDesiredSize
      Tags:
        - Key: ODCRASG
          Value: true
          PropagateAtLaunch: false

Outputs:
  AutoScalingGroupName:
    Description: The Name of the Solution's Auto Scaling Group
    Value: !Ref CapacityBackedASG

  SubnetForManuallyAddedInstance:
    Description: Subnet to use when Manually Adding an instance to test the ODCR behaviour
    Value: !Ref PublicSubnetA

  SubnetsToKeepWhenDroppingASGAZ:
    Description: Subnets to keep when dropping an ASG AZ to test the ODCR behaviour
    Value: !Join [",", [!Ref PublicSubnetA, !Ref PublicSubnetB]]