# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT-0

---
AWSTemplateFormatVersion : "2010-09-09"
Description: >
  AWS Blog:How to grant least privilege access to third parties on your private
  EC2 instances with AWS Systems Manager

  Sample CloudFormation template to set up the prerequisites for the
  main accounts : new VPC, private subnets, VPC Endpoints, SGs,
  AWS EC2 instance with access via AWS Systems Manager Session Manager.
  This provides interface VPC endpoints for the following services:
  * com.amazonaws.<region>.ssm
  * com.amazonaws.<region>.ssmmessages
  * com.amazonaws.<region>.ec2messages
  * com.amazonaws.<region>.logs
  **WARNING** This template creates [VPC interface endpoints] and related resources.
  You will be billed for the AWS resources used if you create a stack from this template.

Parameters:
  ParamProjectName:
    Type: String
    Default: "BlogPrivEC2-3P"
  ParamTagKeyExternal:
    Type : String
    Default: "ExternalAccessGrantedTo"
    Description: "Tag key"
  ParamTagValueExternalA:
    Type : String
    Default: "Third_Party_A"
    Description: "Tag value"
  ParamLatestAmiId:
    Type: "AWS::SSM::Parameter::Value<AWS::EC2::Image::Id>"
    Default: "/aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest/amzn2-ami-hvm-x86_64-gp2"
  ParamVPCCidr:
    Description: Main VPC CIDR Block
    Type: String
    AllowedPattern: ^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(\/(1[6-9]|2[0-8]))$
    Default: 10.24.34.0/23
  ParamSubnetACidr:
    Description: Subnet A CIDR Block
    Type: String
    AllowedPattern: ^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(\/(1[6-9]|2[0-8]))$
    Default: 10.24.34.0/24
  ParamSubnetBCidr:
    Description: Subnet B CIDR Block
    Type: String
    AllowedPattern: ^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(\/(1[6-9]|2[0-8]))$
    Default: 10.24.35.0/24
  ParamThirdPartyAccountID:
    Description: "The Account ID of your third-party - Their account"
    Type: String
    Default: "123456789012"
    AllowedPattern: ^[0-9]{12}$

Resources:
  # VPC Endpoint for SSM
  RssSSMEndpoint:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint
    Properties:
      PrivateDnsEnabled: true
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
      ServiceName: !Sub "com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ssm"
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetA
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetB
      VpcEndpointType: "Interface"
      VpcId:
        Ref: RssMainVPC
  # VPC Endpoint for SSM messages
  RssSSMMessagesEndpoint:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint
    Properties:
      PrivateDnsEnabled: true
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
      ServiceName: !Sub "com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ssmmessages"
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetA
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetB
      VpcEndpointType: "Interface"
      VpcId:
        Ref: RssMainVPC
  # VPC Endpoint for EC2 meessages
  RssEC2MessagesEndpoint:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint
    Properties:
      PrivateDnsEnabled: true
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
      ServiceName: !Sub "com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ec2messages"
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetA
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetB
      VpcEndpointType: "Interface"
      VpcId:
        Ref: RssMainVPC
  # VPC endpoint for logs to allow streaming to CW
  RssLogsEndpoint:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint
    Properties:
      PrivateDnsEnabled: true
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
      ServiceName: !Sub "com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.logs"
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetA
        - !Ref RssEC2SubnetB
      VpcEndpointType: "Interface"
      VpcId:
        Ref: RssMainVPC

#Create the VPC which will host our EC2 instances. We need 4 IP addresses, 1 for for the EC2 instance and 3 for the VPC Endpoints.
  RssMainVPC:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: !Ref ParamVPCCidr
      EnableDnsSupport: true
      EnableDnsHostnames: true
      Tags:
      - Key: WhatFor
        Value: !Sub "RssMainVPC to try out - ${ParamProjectName}"
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Join ["", [!Ref "AWS::StackName","-RssMainVPC"]]
  #Let"s enable Flow logs on that VPC
  RssVPCFlowLog:
    Type: AWS::EC2::FlowLog
    Properties:
      DeliverLogsPermissionArn: !GetAtt RssFlowLogRole.Arn
      LogGroupName: !Ref RssFlowLogsGroup
      ResourceId: !Ref RssMainVPC
      ResourceType: VPC
      TrafficType: ALL

#Our FlowLog needs a role to send logs to CloudWatch
  RssFlowLogRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: "2012-10-17"
        Statement:
        - Effect: Allow
          Principal:
            Service:
            - "vpc-flow-logs.amazonaws.com"
          Action: "sts:AssumeRole"
      Policies:
      - PolicyName: "flowlogs-policy"
        PolicyDocument:
          Version: "2012-10-17"
          Statement:
          - Effect: Allow
            Action:
            - "logs:CreateLogGroup"
            - "logs:CreateLogStream"
            - "logs:PutLogEvents"
            - "logs:DescribeLogGroups"
            - "logs:DescribeLogStreams"
            Resource: !GetAtt "RssFlowLogsGroup.Arn"

#And now for the VPC FlowLog CloudWatch LogGroup
  RssFlowLogsGroup:
    Type: AWS::Logs::LogGroup
    Properties:
      #LogGroupName : !Ref ParamVPCFlowLogsGroupName
      RetentionInDays: 7

#And now for the Session Manager CloudWatch LogGroup
  RssSSMLogsGroup:
    Type: AWS::Logs::LogGroup
    Properties:
      LogGroupName : "SSMSessionManager_LogGroup"
      RetentionInDays: 7

#Deploy the subnet A in AZ a
  RssEC2SubnetA:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref RssMainVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref ParamSubnetACidr
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [ 0, !GetAZs ]  # Get the first AZ in the list
      Tags:
      - Key: Project
        Value: !Ref ParamProjectName
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-EC2Subnet-Priv-A

#Deploy the subnet A in AZ a
  RssEC2SubnetB:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref RssMainVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref ParamSubnetBCidr
      AvailabilityZone: !Select [ 1, !GetAZs ]  # Get the 2ND AZ in the list
      Tags:
      - Key: Project
        Value: !Ref ParamProjectName
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub ${AWS::StackName}-EC2Subnet-Priv-B

#Deploy the EC2 instance, attach an Instance Profile that allows the EC2 instance to call SSM
  RssSSMRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Statement:
          - Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service: [ec2.amazonaws.com]
            Action: ["sts:AssumeRole"]
      Path: /
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - !Sub arn:${AWS::Partition}:iam::${AWS::Partition}:policy/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore
#EC2 instance to allow management by SSM Session Manager
  RssSSMInstanceProfile:
    Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile
    Properties:
      InstanceProfileName: !Sub SSMInstanceProfile-${AWS::StackName}
      Path : /
      Roles: [!Ref RssSSMRole]
#EC2 instance tagged for A
  RssEC2Instance1:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Instance"
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref ParamLatestAmiId
      InstanceType: t2.micro
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref RssSGPrivEC2
      SubnetId: !Ref RssEC2SubnetA
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref RssSSMInstanceProfile
      Tags:
      - Key: !Ref ParamTagKeyExternal
        Value: !Ref ParamTagValueExternalA
      - Key: Account
        Value: MainAccount hosting EC2
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub CF-Linux-PrivA-#1-${AWS::StackName}
      - Key: Role
        Value: "EC2 with Linux AMI for demo with System Manager"
#EC2 instance tagged for B
  RssEC2Instance2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Instance"
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref ParamLatestAmiId
      InstanceType: t2.micro
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref RssSGPrivEC2
      SubnetId: !Ref RssEC2SubnetB
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref RssSSMInstanceProfile
      Tags:
      - Key: !Ref ParamTagKeyExternal
        Value: "Third_Party_B"
      - Key: Account
        Value: MainAccount hosting EC2
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Sub CF-Linux-PrivA-#2-${AWS::StackName}
      - Key: Role
        Value: "EC2 with Linux AMI for demo with System Manager"

#Deploy the Security Group that will initially block communication between EC2 and SSM
  RssSGVPCEndPoints:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup"
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref RssMainVPC
      GroupDescription: VPC Endpoint Security Group
      Tags:
        - Key: Name
          Value: "VPC Endpoints Security Group"
  # Outbound rule to the SG of the VPC
  RssSGVPCEndPointsEgress:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupEgress
    Properties:
      Description : "SG Outbound - VPCe - Limits non-stateful egress traffic from the instance to the loopback port"
      GroupId: !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
      IpProtocol: "-1"
      CidrIp: 127.0.0.1/32
  #     ToPort: 443
  #     DestinationSecurityGroupId: !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
  RssSGVPCEndPointsIngress:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      Description : "SG Inbound - VPCe"
      GroupId: !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
      IpProtocol: tcp
      FromPort: 443
      ToPort: 443
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
  RssSGVPCEndPointsEC2Ingress:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      Description : "VPeSG Inbound - EC2"
      GroupId: !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
      IpProtocol: tcp
      FromPort: 443
      ToPort: 443
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !Ref RssSGPrivEC2

#Deploy the Security Group for the private EC2
  RssSGPrivEC2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup"
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref RssMainVPC
      GroupDescription: Private EC2 Security Group
      Tags:
        - Key: Name
          Value: "Private EC2 Security Group"
#Outbound rule allowing traffic from the EC2 in 443 to the VPCEndpoint SG
  RssSGPrivEC2SecurityGroupEgress:
    Type : AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupEgress
    Properties:
      Description : "SG Outbound - PrivEC2"
      GroupId: !Ref RssSGPrivEC2
      IpProtocol: tcp
      FromPort: 443
      ToPort: 443
      DestinationSecurityGroupId: !Ref RssSGVPCEndPoints
#IAM Managed policy to manage the third party A permissions
  RssSSMStartSessionPolicyForThirdPartyA:
    Type: AWS::IAM::ManagedPolicy
    Properties:
      PolicyDocument:
        Version: "2012-10-17"
        Statement:
          -
            Sid: "TerminateResumeSession"
            Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              - ssm:TerminateSession
              - ssm:ResumeSession
            Resource: "*"
            Condition:
              StringEquals:
                ssm:resourceTag/aws:ssmmessages:session-id: ["${aws:userid}"]
          -
            Sid : "CloudWatchLogGroup"
            Effect : "Allow"
            Action :
              - logs:CreateLogStream
              - logs:PutLogEvents
              - logs:DescribeLogGroups
              - logs:DescribeLogStreams
            Resource : !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:logs:${AWS::Region}::${AWS::AccountId}::log-group:SSMSessionManager_LogGroup:*"
          -
            Sid: "AllowUsageOfSSMDocument"
            Effect: "Allow"
            Action: "ssm:StartSession"
            Resource: !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:ssm:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:document/SSM-SessionManagerRunShell"
          -
            Sid : "GenericSSM"
            Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              - ec2:DescribeInstances
              - ssm:GetConnectionStatus
              - ssm:DescribeInstanceProperties
            Resource : "*"
          -
            Sid: "StartSessionOnInstances"
            Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              - ssm:StartSession
            Resource: !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:ec2:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:instance/*"
            Condition:
              StringEquals:
                ssm:resourceTag/ExternalAccessGrantedTo: !Ref ParamTagValueExternalA
          -
            Sid : "ForbidAssumingAnotherRoleAndSession"
            Effect: "Deny"
            Action:
              - sts:AssumeRole
              - ssm:DescribeSessions ############# Will reveal too much info
            Resource : "*"

#Creation of IAM role in the EC2 Account hosting the EC2 that
# will be assume by third-parties using cross-account
  RssRootRole:
      Type: "AWS::IAM::Role"
      Properties:
        AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
          Version: "2012-10-17"
          Statement:
            - Effect: Allow
              Principal:
                AWS:
                  - !Sub "arn:${AWS::Partition}:iam::${ParamThirdPartyAccountID}:role/3P_IAM_Assume_Role"
              Action:
                - "sts:AssumeRole"
              Condition:
                StringEquals:
                  sts:ExternalId: "ExternalID3rdPartyA"
        Path: /
        ManagedPolicyArns:
          - !Ref RssSSMStartSessionPolicyForThirdPartyA
        RoleName: "SSMStartSession_IAM_Role_ThirdPartyA"
        Description: "Role to provide access to the third party to the local private EC2"
        Tags:
        - Key: SSMSessionRunAs
          Value: "os_user_a_alice"
        - Key: !Ref ParamTagKeyExternal
          Value: !Ref ParamTagValueExternalA
        - Key: Type
          Value: "IAM Role"
        - Key: Role
          Value: "Role to be assume by AnyCompany A - Third-party"
        - Key: Account
          Value: "Your Account hosting your private EC2"

Outputs:
  OutStackName:
    Description: "Stack name."
    Value: !Sub "${AWS::StackName}"